If to make appearing of units for all players in the same time - beginning of each turn, and if white will take a city from yellow, he must attack yellow's just appeared unit, of course.
But now if white will atack the same yellow's city, yellow will not get produced unit from this city at all. So, white have an advantage.
Look at the map where only 2 cities and no units in defense, only production in cities. Turn 1 starts, white gets his production and attacks yellow which does not get his production yet and has no defenders at all. That's all, game is over, white used his advantage of appearing unit. But if white and yellow will get their produced units in the same time, they will both have defenders in cities. It would be more balanced.
If map is big, it can be separated to many little 2-cities-map. And in every such 2-cities-part of big map white has advantage until to let units to appear in the same time.
KGB wrote:White takes city, starts production. Yellow takes the city from White, starts production. White takes city from Yellow, starts production. No units are ever produced in this scenario because no one owns the city during the other players turn.
Yellow can't take his city back, he has no units to do this, because his production didn't give him units before white attacked him.
KGB wrote:The way to balance out first move is the map maker has to space the cities far enough apart that stacks must spend 1+ turns in the open
If it is so it shows that will no advantage if to let units appear in the same time. Yellow must take a turn in open and white will get his unit in the beginning of next turn.
Analizing all saying above, I can see advantage in both ways.
1) If it is like now, white has advantage when gets his units and can use them and yellow does not get and can't use them yet.
2) If to make appearing units in the beginning of turn for all players, yellow has advantage only if white takes city from yellow and yellow takes this city back in the same turn. Too rare case comparing with big advantage now.